Nature-based solutions and health

This report highlights the potential of nature-based solutions (NbS) to simultaneously address human health and environmental sustainability. NbS involve ecosystem conservation and restoration actions that provide cobenefits to both nature and human well-being. These solutions range from local interventions like green spaces for better urban conditions to large-scale interventions tackling issues such as flooding, pollution, ecosystem degradation and biodiversity loss. Diverse health benefits can be generated by NbS, including improved air, soil and water quality; prevention of disease risks; mental well-being; physical activity; and social cohesion. NbS can also be utilized by the health sector to embed nature impacts in medical treatment and to support transition into sustainable health systems. However, well-planned design and management are essential to avoid unintended health risks.

This report explores NbS impacts, challenges and practical applications, focusing on their relevance in the WHO European Region.