Heat-related challenges and interventions in hospitals: A future-oriented, qualitative approach to improve nurses' working conditions

Objective

This study explores organizational interventions aimed at mitigating heat-related challenges and stress for nurses in acute care settings, with a focus on adapting to the intensifying climate crisis.

Method

Six trans- and interdisciplinary participants participated in the workshop. The one-day workshop was based on the methodology of ‘Zukunftswerkstatt’ (Futures Workshop) and ‘design thinking’ principles. Participants analyzed challenges related to heat waves and developed actionable, future-oriented interventions based on scenarios and tools. Data collection involved photographs of handwritten workshop activities and researchers’ notes. Data analysis followed three main steps to abstract and synthesize results: discussing results using the collected data, participants’ feedback on the workshop documentation, and final synthesis.

Results

The study identified several key interventions to manage heat-related stress, including the development of a comprehensive Heat Health Action Plan (HHAP), modular training programs, and a mobile staff app for real-time communication. Interventions were categorized into four phases: prevention, preparation, response, and recovery, with organizational strategies outweighing individual-level interventions. Participants highlighted the need for leadership commitment, adequate resource allocation, cross-sector collaboration, and clear communication. Successful implementation of HHAP was viewed as dependent on engagement from middle management and its integration into hospital governance and strategic planning.

Conclusion

This study highlights the complexity of heat adaptation in hospitals. Findings underscore the importance of successful heat adaptation for hospital employees. Strengthening institutional commitment and integrating staff-driven approaches are essential for developing robust, future-ready heat preparedness in hospitals.