Global public perceptions of climate change risks and their determinants

Addressing climate change requires global cooperation and individual efforts, with public awareness playing a crucial role in shaping willingness and commitment to engage. However, research on global public perceptions of climate change risks remains limited. This study analyzes climate risk perceptions and their determinants using survey data from approximately 280,000 respondents across 142 countries and regions. Results indicate that over 86% of respondents express concerns about climate change, with worry levels significantly higher in developed economies compared to developing ones. Multilevel regression analysis reveals that climate risk perceptions are related to a range of factors, from individual characteristics to state contexts. Among these, personal experiences with extreme weather events, individuals’ educational attainment, and the national-level worried index emerge as the most significant drivers. These findings highlight the need for integrated efforts at both individual and societal levels to enhance public understanding and socio-cultural awareness of climate risks. The study provides valuable insights to inform strategies for fostering global cooperation in climate governance.

Key policy insights

• We examine how the general public worldwide perceives climate change risk and its influencing factors.
• Climate change exhibits significant geographic and socio-demographic heterogeneity among the public.
• Globally, over 86% of people are concerned, with higher concern in developed economies.
• Extreme weather events, educational level, and the national-level worried index are the most significant drivers.