Heat mortality monitoring report, England: 2025

In summer 2025:

• there were 1,504 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 936 to 2,072) heat-associated deaths observed during 5 heat episodes
• there were 1,535 fewer deaths than predicted, based on the observed temperatures and the historic temperature-mortality relationship
• the pattern of lower observed estimates compared with modelled estimates was consistent across all heat episodes
• the highest heat-associated mortality rates were seen in those aged 85 years and over (364 heat-associated deaths per million population), and those aged 75 to 84 years (116 heat-associated deaths per million population)
• heat-associated deaths were predominantly observed in southern, central and eastern regions of England