Air Pollution and Noncommunicable Diseases

This peer-reviewed article examines the complex relationships between biodiversity and human health, drawing on evidence from environmental, social and health sciences. The authors develop a conceptual framework identifying four pathways through which biodiversity can influence health, encompassing both beneficial and potentially harmful effects.

These pathways include reducing harm through ecosystem services such as air pollution mitigation; restoring psychological capacities through stress reduction and improved attention; building capacities by encouraging physical activity and positive experiences of nature; and causing harm through exposure to allergens, dangerous wildlife or infectious diseases.

The framework highlights the importance of understanding how biodiversity influences physical, psychological and social wellbeing. It identifies opportunities for further research and for integrating biodiversity considerations into public health policy, environmental management and healthcare practice. The article provides a foundation for understanding how protecting biodiversity can contribute to improving human health.

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Citation: Marselle MR, Hartig T, Cox DTC, de Bell S, Knapp S, Lindley S, et al. Pathways linking biodiversity to human health: a conceptual framework. Environment International. 2021;150:106420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106420