DECARBONIZING PHARMA

The relationship between human activity and the emergence, re-emergence and establishment of infectious diseases is widely studied. Land use, livestock patterns, chemical pollution, biodiversity decline, and climate change influence the way pathogens, vectors and hosts interact, altering transmission dynamics and ultimately increasing pandemic risk. It has been estimated that almost 6 out of 10 known human infectious diseases have worsened due to climate change.

This relationship between human, animal and environmental health must be considered, in order to ensure an appropriate pandemic preparedness and response. One Health approaches1 take into account these dependencies, highlighting the need for multisectoral coordination mechanisms, to facilitate the understanding of disease emergence and spread, as well as policy development and implementation processes.

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